parentshiftbook Chapter 860: Daming Daily: National Political Affairs, Local Political News [Please Subscribe, Pleas
Chapter 860: Daming Daily: National Political Affairs, Local Political News [Please Subscribe, Pleas
After talking about the arrangements made by Zhu Cang, Zhu Fan, Zhu Di and other officials of the vassal princes and princes overseas to establish kingdoms, Zhu Yuanzhang looked at Song Lian, the Minister of Rites, and said:
"Regarding the matter of a group of vassal princes going overseas to establish kingdoms in other continents, Song Qing later asked King Qin, King Jin, and King Yan about the benefits they would provide to the people who were willing to follow them to establish kingdoms overseas."
"Then the relevant benefits and details will be registered in the [Da Ming Daily] and spread throughout the world."
"Any common people who are willing to follow a group of vassal princes and princes to establish kingdoms in other continents overseas can register in various local counties."
Song Lian smiled and nodded and said:
"Yes, Your Majesty."
[Da Ming Daily] was an official newspaper proposed by Cang Jie, the literary sage, and approved by Zhu Yuanzhang, and then under the responsibility of officials from the Ministry of Rites.
Of course, the newspaper at this time was also called Dibao.
The history of Chinese newspapers is very long, and the earliest can be traced back to the official newspapers in the Kaiyuan period of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty.
The official reports of the Tang Dynasty were copied and distributed to various places by Jinzouyuan and Jinzou officials who were stationed in Chang'an from various places and were responsible for submitting memorials and reporting news. At that time, they were also commonly known as Jinzouyuan's Reports and Jinzouyuan. Statement, official statement or report.
In the Song Dynasty, the official newspaper publishing system became increasingly complete, and the name Di Bao began to appear.
Historical books such as "History of the Song Dynasty", "Collection of Song Hui Yao", and "Yu Yao Lu since Jian Yan" all quote Song people's discussion of the distribution of Di newspapers.
For example, Su Dongpo once used the word "dibao" in his poem "Sitting in the residence and watching the newspaper and talking about the old man, gossiping about Chushan Mountain and remembering the drunkard".
Di Bao, also known as Di Chao, Chao Bao, Bao Lian or Chu Tian Bao, was distributed by the Jinzou officials stationed in the capital of various Luzhou counties.
At that time, there were approximately 120 to 150 Jinzou officials stationed in the capital, who were under the jurisdiction of the Jinzou Courtyard in Shangdu.
According to different regulations in each period, they will report every Tuesday or once a month.
Before sending the report, the Ministry of Menxia will be responsible for reviewing it, which is called "judgement report".
The contents of Dibao mainly include the emperor's edicts, daily words and deeds, government decrees and communiqués, memorials of ministers at all levels, work reports of provincial temple supervision departments and other agencies, and battle reports of border garrison troops.
In addition, the Song Dynasty government paid great attention to the control of the dissemination and distribution of Di newspapers.
For example, when Zhezong of the Song Dynasty was in power, it was stipulated that the content of Di's newspapers was limited to "the texts published by Chang Cheng Shen and Jing Shangshu Sheng", and "those who actually sealed the texts or kept confidential matters were not allowed to be reported."
When Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty was in power, it was stipulated: "If you give orders to ministers and officials under the Huangmen to report on them, they will report them by themselves. This does not mean that if you order officials and officials under the Huangmen to report on the rules and regulations at will, it will be considered as a violation of the system."
When Emperor Xiaozong of the Song Dynasty was in power, it was stipulated: "Text about 'military aircraft' and 'border aircraft' will not be recorded and sent to the province to avoid leakage in the imperial newspaper."
Also as early as the second year of Emperor Xianping of the Song Dynasty, Zhenzong of the Song Dynasty stipulated the "final version" system in which the Privy Council would review the sample newspaper in advance, approve the "final version", and then approve the publication.
The original copy of the Di Bao was only sent to the chiefs of government departments at all levels. Bureaucrats and gentry other than the chiefs often saw only copies of it.
Most of the Di newspapers in the Song Dynasty were copied, and only a small part of the manuscripts were printed and distributed in the form of "engraved plates".
In addition, there were tabloids in the Song Dynasty, which began in the Northern Song Dynasty and became popular in the Southern Song Dynasty.
The so-called "tabloids" are unofficial newspapers published illegally.
It is mainly distributed in the capital Bianliang (Kaifeng) and Lin'an (Hangzhou), and the publication period is irregular.
Tabloid was the general term for this type of newspaper at that time, sometimes also called "news", which made the term "news" begin to be associated with newspapers.
The publishers of tabloids are usually officials, envoys, middle- and lower-level officials of government agencies and bookstore owners stationed in the capital.
The material comes from "internal detectives", "provincial detectives" and "yamen detectives" who report news within the palace and government agencies such as provinces, temples, prisons and departments.
Its contents mainly include "court affairs" that the government has not disclosed, emperor's edicts that are not prepared to be published in the official newspaper or have not yet been published, ministers' statements, and official appointments and removals.
During the Southern Song Dynasty, tabloids often contained news about the northern military and civilian resistance to the Jin soldiers and memorials from warring officials opposing the peace talks. Most of the content was handwritten, and a small part was printed on engravings.
However, because the publication of the tabloid violated the ban on news leakage, it was charged by the feudal rulers with "fabricating lies" and "disseminating random rumors" and was severely banned.
In the Yuan Dynasty, there was also a Tongzhengyuan that was responsible for the collection and delivery of official newspapers. All documents and government news approved by the emperor and the cabinet were reported to the local areas.
In addition to the common name Di Bao, there are also other nicknames such as Qian, Ge Bismuth, Chao Bao, and Beijing Bao.
In the Ming Dynasty, there were also Di newspapers.
However, the content is not much different from that of the previous Tang, Song, and Yuan Dynasties. It mainly includes announcement materials such as the emperor's edicts, memorials from ministers, official appointments and removals, promotions, rewards and punishments, as well as palace dynamics, etc.
And in form, it is also different from the modern newspapers in Yan Changqing's previous life.
The newspapers of the Tang, Song, Yuan, and before that the Ming Dynasty were all piled up one material after another.
Moreover, there are no columns, titles, messages, comments, communications, etc., and there are no four-open or facing layouts.
It is just copied on silk or written on paper. It has no final form and no advertisement.
Finally, its distribution and delivery are also different from the modern newspapers in Yan Changqing's previous life.
It was mainly issued by the imperial court or other official agencies and delivered by water and land stations, rather than published and distributed by newspapers.
Generally speaking, the materials it publishes come from official sources and have the color of palace documents.
But after all, it was not issued as an event with administrative effect, but copied to satisfy people's need to understand the court's ongoing trends.
In addition, the targets we are facing are not ordinary people, but groups such as literati and officials.
As for Yan Changqing, who is planning to open Daming Daily under the identity of Cang Jie, the literary saint, the targets it has to face are all the civil and military officials from the imperial court to local officials from provinces, prefectures, prefectures, and counties. , down to ordinary scholars and common people.
As for the layout and form of [Da Ming Daily], they are basically copied from the modern newspapers of Yan Changqing’s previous life.
For example, [Da Ming Daily], like Yan Changqing's previous modern newspapers, is a four-page format, and different contents are also laid out in a clear format such as columns, titles, subtitles, and main text.
In addition, each issue of the newspaper also has corresponding publication registration, total issue, collective publication date and other information.
The specific content is divided into four categories: [National Political Affairs], [Local Political News], [Medical Agriculture and Mulberry], and [Life Encyclopedia].
Among them, [National Political Affairs] mainly talks about what policies the court has formulated after discussions, what are the original intentions of these policies, and what impact they will have on ordinary people after they are implemented.
For example, in terms of taxes, the court stipulated how much taxes would be collected this summer.
Once the taxes mentioned by the court are exceeded, the extra taxes will be increased without authorization by corrupt local officials.
Not only can the people not pay, but they should also gather together and send such corrupt officials to the higher-level yamen for justice [or even send them to the capital to be prosecuted for the fifth time!
For another example, if a natural disaster occurs in a certain place, the court declares that the place will be exempt from taxes for one year.
But if local officials still collect taxes as usual, then the local people should also gather together and send such corrupt officials to the higher-level yamen for justice, or send them to the emperor for justice!
Another example is the "Lending Laws for Borrowing Zhus and Borrowing Cows" that the imperial court implemented not long ago.
The imperial court can provide free gilts and heifers to the people. People in need can use their household registration information to register at the Yamen and receive a free gilt.
Or maybe a heifer.
After a year, the common people needed male and female piglets or cubs to give to the local government.
If during the breeding process, unfortunately, the borrowed gilts or heifers are raised to death, then compensation needs to be paid to the Yamen based on the current price of a male and a female piglet or cowboy.
However, this policy does not require local people to borrow gilts or heifers from the Yamen.
At the same time, the imperial court does not require people to pay any fees when borrowing gilts or heifers. They only need to register with their household registration information.
If local officials force people to borrow gilts or heifers, or if they have to pay fees when borrowing gilts or heifers.
Then this is an illegal act, and the local people should also gather together and send such corrupt officials to the higher-level government offices for justice [or send them to the emperor for regular legal calendar!
There are other policies like this, and there is nothing obscure or difficult to understand in these policies, and there is no gorgeous rhetoric. They are all written in Dabai dialect that ordinary people can understand.
The main thing is to reduce the difficulty of reading, and strive to understand it as long as you are literate!
This is not only true for the [National Political Affairs] section, but also the following three sections [Local Political News], [Medical Farming and Mulberry], and [Life Encyclopedia] are all written in Dabai dialect that ordinary people can understand. .
The [Local Political News] section mainly writes information about the mobilization of local officials, major events happening in various local and state governments, and other legal content.
For example, a certain county magistrate or prefecture magistrate is to be transferred or promoted to serve in another local county or prefecture.
Then the imperial court will write down the official's past resume and achievements recorded in the Ministry of Civil Affairs in the [Local Political News] section, so that the people of the world, especially the people of the place where he is about to take office, will know something about it.
If it is an official with good political performance and mostly doing practical things for the people, then he may not have taken office yet, and maybe the local people are already waiting for him.
But if it is an official with mediocre political achievements who does not do much for the people, it is also possible that the local people are already looking forward to his departure even before he takes office.
Of course, the most important thing is that in this era of limited information, newspapers can be said to be the best media tool.
If it were in the past, it would be fine if you did not make any political achievements when you were a local official. At most, the people in the county would know that you were mediocre and incompetent.
Then just transfer to a new place where no one knows you, and you can start over.
However, after this [Da Ming Daily] appears, your resume and political achievements when you were transferred will be published in the newspaper and spread throughout the world!
............
In other words, once you are mediocre and incompetent, not only the people in one county will know that you are mediocre and incompetent, but the people all over the world will know that you are mediocre and incompetent!
If that's all, then forget it.
However, if other officials who are also listed in the newspaper and are about to be transferred have good resumes and outstanding political achievements, then your mediocrity and incompetence will appear more dazzling in comparison.
If something like this happens once or twice more, you may be branded as mediocre and incompetent by the people all over the world!
Don't think that such a thing doesn't matter. In today's world where reputation is so important,
No less than the age of life.
Once you are branded as mediocre and incompetent by people all over the world, your reputation will be completely ruined.
And once your reputation is ruined, your political future is basically ruined.
Because this brand of mediocrity and incompetence, from another perspective, is a manifestation of the people's hearts and minds.
Although it is said that they hate the public opinion of this minister.
But don't underestimate the public sentiment and public opinion. Like those civil servants, scholar-bureaucrats, or local gentry in the past, the reason why they were able to force the emperor and the court to make concessions was because they coerced the public sentiment and public opinion of the local people.
Therefore, any promising emperor would not reuse it if he saw that his officials were branded mediocre and incompetent by ordinary people.
Because reusing this official is tantamount to going against the people who hate this official.
And doing so will consume the credibility of the emperor and the court!
Because this official has used his resume many times to prove that he is a mediocre and incompetent person, but the emperor and the court still want to reuse such a mediocre and incompetent person.
What do you want to do?!!
Do you know that mediocre ministers harm the country and the people?!!
The emperor and the court are re-employing mediocre officials, so how can the common people trust the emperor and the court?!!
If the common people do not believe what the emperor and the court say, then the credibility of the emperor and the court will naturally decline!
Therefore, if local officials do not want to be branded as mediocre and incompetent by the common people around the world, and do not want their reputations and careers to be ruined, then they must guard the emperor and strive to make more outstanding local achievements.
In this way, when they are transferred to other places and their personal information is published in newspapers, their resumes will look better.
This can also be regarded as a supervision for local officials.
And there are disadvantages, but there are also advantages.
As I just said, if you do something bad, it will be known to the world.
But if you do it well, it will naturally be known all over the world!
In other words, as long as you are capable, do practical things for local people, and have very impressive political achievements and resume, your reputation will also rise very quickly.
At that time, in the eyes of the people all over the world, you will also be crowned as a capable minister in governing the world!
And after you have the title of capable minister in governing the world, are you still afraid that you will not be promoted?!!
A minister who has the title of a capable minister in governing the world, but the emperor and the court do not reuse him, what is he trying to do?!
Could it be that both the emperor and the imperial court were blind and stupid?!
And how can a mediocre emperor and court deserve the trust of the people?!!
If the common people no longer trust the emperor and the court, then the credibility of the emperor and the court will naturally fall again.
Therefore, as long as a promising emperor sees an official with the title of capable minister in governing the world, and sees the public support and public opinion represented by the title of capable minister in governing the world, then the emperor will further use him.
If the emperor puts him in a position of great importance, if he has the support of the people and his personal achievements, then it is natural for him to rise to prominence.
As for the [Local Political News] section, in addition to information on the mobilization of local officials, there are also major events happening in various local and state capitals.
For example, a certain state capital suffered from floods, droughts, earthquakes and other disasters.
For another example, a certain state capital has wiped out large-scale bandits and bandits, bringing local security to a higher level.
For another example, a major murder case occurred in a certain state capital, and due to the efforts of the local government, it was detected in less than seven days, etc.
In addition, the [Local Political News] section also records some legal content.
It mainly selects some large or small cases from the files of the Ministry of Punishment, and then compiles ten twists and turns and bizarre stories based on these cases.
For example: Shocked! Why are hundreds of sows screaming in the middle of the night?
What? Men will be silent for a while after watching it, and women will cry after watching it.
Horrible! The old nun’s door is knocked every night. Is it a human or a ghost?
What? There is such a way to get rich overnight?
Is behind all this the loss of morality or the distortion of human nature?
In this way, we will explain some cases to the people of Ming Dynasty, as well as the legal knowledge behind these cases, and what kind of penalties they will face if they violate these laws.
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