parentshiftbook Chapter 816: Responsibilities And Assessment Methods Of Local Officials, The Role Of Local Developme
Chapter 816: Responsibilities And Assessment Methods Of Local Officials, The Role Of Local Developme
After hearing that King Zhu of Jin wanted to reform the term time of local officials and required local officials to formulate the corresponding "Local Five-Year Medium and Long-term Development Plan" as required.
The more than 3,000 officials below all had different reactions.
For those civil and military officials and noble marquises in the capital, this reform has nothing to do with them and will not affect them.
Unless one day they are unfortunately demoted out of Beijing and become local officials, then they will be affected by the current reform of local officials.
But will they be banished from Beijing?!!
At least most of the officials in the capital did not think that they would be demoted from the capital. They still thought about continuing to be promoted in the central court.
Therefore, when the matter has nothing to do with themselves, most of the officials in the capital are able to escape from the interest relationship of local officials' reform.
With a more neutral, objective, calm and serious attitude, we should think about the good and bad of the reform of local officials proposed by King Zhu Fan of Jin Dynasty.
And are the reforms of local officials proposed by King Zhu Fan of Jin good?!!
Nature is good!!!
Among them, the modification of the term of office will not be mentioned for the time being.
The most critical thing is that the "Local Five-Year Medium and Long-term Development Plan" that local officials are required to formulate is the top priority!
Now the main responsibilities of local officials in the "Three Seven Seven" Ming Dynasty can be succinctly summarized by "six basic matters".
The so-called "six basic matters" are the six main responsibilities that Zhu Yuanzhang stipulated for local officials to complete. The six matters mainly include schools, fields, household registration, taxes and servitude, lawsuits and prisons, and thieves.
Among them, schools are places for cultivating talents, and they deliver a large number of talents to the country and the court every year.
Therefore, the quality of school establishment is directly related to the stability of the country's imperial power.
Therefore, whether local officials attach great importance to the development of local schools has become one of the most important basis for assessing their responsibilities.
Fields are closely related to grain production and related to whether the country's treasury is sufficient, so it has always been valued by rulers.
Local officials must encourage local people to reclaim wasteland and expand existing cultivated land, and organize manpower to treat disasters in the fields to ensure grain yields.
In the Ming Dynasty, the former rulers paid more attention to the achievements of local officials in the field, so they also used it as a main criterion for evaluating officials.
Household registration is related to the population that a country can control, and it can also objectively grasp the basic situation of the national economy.
However, due to local powerful people controlling a large number of people, the number of people actually controlled by the country has continued to decline, which has affected tax revenue.
Therefore, the emperor also attached great importance to the state's control over the population and constantly urged local officials to register the local household population and report it to the central court. This was also an important criterion for the assessment of local officials.
Taxation is related to the country's income and is the key to local stability. Therefore, it is also an important criterion for the assessment of local officials' responsibilities.
Litigation is the main manifestation of justice, involving whether officials can fairly implement the country's laws and whether they can handle people's lawsuits fairly. It is also an important basis for examining officials' actual administrative abilities.
In the Ming Dynasty, the local Sentencing Bureau was responsible for major local litigation matters. The number of difficult and major cases they decided every year became the ten criteria for the evaluation of local officials.
In fact, thieves do not refer to thieves in the ordinary sense, but to local peasant rebellions.
It was just for the sake of good taste, or to slander, that the local peasant rebellion was described as thieves.
Therefore, local officials are also required to detect peasant uprisings within their jurisdiction as early as possible and suppress them.
These six things are what local officials must concentrate on during their term of office. However, many officials only focus on taxation, prisons, etc., and most of the rest are perfunctory.
According to the responsibilities of local officials, the assessment of local officials in the Ming Dynasty is now mainly divided into three categories.
One is, "Instructions Booklet".
The so-called "Notes" are mainly pre-arranged documents related to deeds and achievements, records of meritorious service and other related documents when the local officials passed the examination and went to Beijing for pilgrimage.
The officials themselves brought these documents to the capital as proof of assessment.
However, the "Book of Instructions" did not take effect immediately after it was promulgated, because local officials did not act in accordance with the provisions in the book, so the result was:
"The chief secretaries, prefectures, counties, and prosecutors employed are mostly civil servants who are talented, talented, filial and honest. After each person is appointed, he does not pay attention to the "Instructions for Appointment". He does not "plan" in official affairs and lacks integrity. "
The second is to take a language test interview.
The assessment interview form is mainly the personal appraisal made by the official in charge of the assessment for each official who is subject to assessment. The assessment language must be combined with the actual achievements of the officials listed in the "Instructions Booklet".
The examination language stipulates that when an official passes the examination, his or her supervisor will first prescribe the examination language for him, and then report it to each level.
When Beijing officials inspect the capital once every six years, the superior officials of various government offices in Beijing also have to conduct examinations for their subordinate officials.
For the Hajj inspection conducted by local officials, the language of examination was determined by the Bu and Yin departments.
However, despite this, Kaoyu still has great limitations.
Because it requires the competent officials to actually understand the officials being evaluated, and it is impossible to list the officials' achievements and faults exhaustively.
Therefore, the test terms given by officials often focus on a certain aspect, such as knowledge, virtue, or intelligence, etc.
Therefore, most of the content of the test is untrue, making it difficult to truly evaluate officials.
The third is eight cases.
The eight-item examination is a standard developed for civil servants to pass the examination.
"History of the Ming Dynasty" summarizes this: "Inspection, internal and external officials under Tongtian have eight goals: day is greedy, said is cruel, day is impetuous, day is not enough, day is old, is called illness, day is called giving up, and day is careless. ".
Among them, the two items of corruption and cruelty mainly focus on the conduct of officials, that is, officials should not be corrupt and should not be too cruel to their subordinates and people.
Impetuousness and inadequacy are mainly due to the mentality of officials, and they must be calm.
The last four aspects mainly focus on the physical aspects of officials. A healthy body is a prerequisite for officials to engage in politics.
If you don't have a healthy body, you will naturally not be able to perform government affairs normally. This is also one of the main aspects of the assessment.
The eight inspection cases generally examine the mistakes and faults of the officials under inspection.
However, if we look at the responsibilities of local officials and the way they are evaluated, we can find that the current responsibilities of local officials are still too simple and crude, and not detailed.
At the same time, the assessment of local officials is not perfect, and there are many subjective factors.
In addition, the most important thing is that the central government has requirements for how well local officials govern the local area and what political achievements they have made, but there are no specific requirements.
The specific governance depends mainly on how well local officials perform.
For example, the imperial court requires local officials to pay attention to agriculture and mulberry trees, but there is no hard requirement from the imperial court on how to attach importance to it.
For example, some local officials may work harder. The county may have only 10,000 acres of farmland.
Then he worked hard to encourage local people to reclaim wasteland and expand the existing cultivated land area, bringing the local cultivated land area to 30,000 acres.
But there are also some officials who are relatively lazy. If they work hard and encourage hard, they can also increase the local cultivated area from 100,000 acres to 100,000 acres.
However, he did not. He only increased the local cultivated land area from 10,000 acres to 12,000 acres.
But judging from the final result, both parties have increased the amount of local cultivated land, so they can both be called heavy farmers.
Therefore, both sides passed the assessment in the aspect of focusing on agriculture and mulberry, and there was not much difference in the assessment comments.
To put it bluntly, the teacher requires students to pass the exam, but the specific score above passing is decided by the students.
Some students may get a passing grade of 90 points or above, while some students may only get a passing grade of 6 liters.
The initiative of deciding how many points to take is in the hands of the students, which gives some students the opportunity to muddle through and fish in troubled waters.
Local officials are required to formulate corresponding "local five-year medium and long-term development plans" and must achieve the "local five-year medium and long-term development plans" that they have formulated and approved by the court and the emperor within their term of office.
This is equivalent to saying that the teacher asks the students to set their own test scores, and if the students say that they scored 60%, the teacher will refute it.
Then the student will reset a new test score, such as seventy, eighty, or even ninety, until the teacher approves the test score set by the student.
This further raises the lower limit of students' test scores and reduces the possibility of students muddling through troubled waters.
Moreover, asking local officials to formulate the "Local Five-Year Medium and Long-term Development Plan" has the most important role of 1.4, which is to set a clear starting point.
Then let subsequent local officials build on this starting point and raise it step by step.
Still taking the number of acres of land as an example, for example, the first official formulated the "Local Five-Year Medium and Long-term Development Plan" to increase the county's current 10,000 acres of cultivated land to 30,000 acres, and he did it.
So if the second local official wants to achieve results, what should he do with his "Five-year Medium and Long-term Local Development Plan"?!
Naturally, we can only find ways to increase the number of acres of cultivated land to 40,000 acres based on 30,000 acres.
So if the third local official wants to achieve results, what will he do with his "Five-year Medium and Long-term Development Plan for Local Governments"?!
Naturally, we can only work hard to increase the number of cultivated acres to 45,000 acres on the basis of 40,000 acres.
This allows the local development as a whole to continue to move in a better and better direction, instead of passively stagnating at a certain level for a long time.
PS1: The serial is hot, and we urgently need all the handsome guys, beauties, and big guys to order and customize! I wish all the big guys who make full orders and customizations to get rich overnight, good health, and all the best.
Good luck! Thank you all! I kneel down to all the bosses!