parentshiftbook Chapter 526: Another Medical Artifact, An Unbearable Delivery Method [Please Subscribe, Please Subsc
Chapter 526: Another Medical Artifact, An Unbearable Delivery Method [Please Subscribe, Please Subsc
Yan Changqing put the stethoscope back into the medical tool box, then took out a tool similar to a large clamp, and then spoke again:
"I named this thing forceps."
"As the name suggests, it is mainly used to assist women in childbirth."
"Under normal circumstances, if a mother can give birth naturally, she does not need to use forceps.
"But if the mother encounters dystocia, she can insert the forceps in and use the forceps to pull (clamp) the fetus' head to assist in the birth of the fetus!"
"Even if we encounter extreme situations, such as the fetus' head being too big to come out through the pelvis!!"
"Then the role of the forceps at this time is to crush the fetus's head to pieces, and then dig out the body bit by bit, thereby saving the adult's life!!!"
Yan Changqing took out the second one, which can be said to be one of the absolute artifacts in obstetrics and gynecology - forceps!!!
When I talked about the third chapter of "Dragon Slaying Skills: The Second Core [Money and Profit] - Population, Value and National Financial Revenue" before, I talked about the high mortality rate of births in this era.
And forceps is such an artifact that can greatly reduce the "783" mortality rate of mother and child during childbirth!!!
The earliest history of forceps can be traced back to the murals of the Kombo Temple in Egypt built in 250 BC, where there are scenes of forceps being used in rituals.
Since then, forceps, a gynecological artifact, has been in a cycle of being lost, re-invented, lost again, and re-invented abroad.
Until 1569 AD, William Chamberlain fled from France to England to escape religious persecution.
Before the eighteenth century, European surgeons were mainly barbers.
Yes, it is so outrageous!!!
But it makes sense. After all, there was really not much difference between the tools used by surgeons and barbers during that period.
At that time, it was common for barbers to be called out for surgery while they were cutting hair.
William Chamberlain was a barber who also served as a surgeon.
Benefiting from his influence, two of his sons also became doctors, but in the field of midwifery.
One of his sons, Peter Chamberlain the Elder, reinvented the forceps in the early seventeenth century, inspired by the use of forceps in daily life.
With this sharp tool, the mortality rate of women and fetuses in difficult labor has been greatly reduced.
The Chamberlain family's reputation in the midwifery industry has also greatly increased, and their financial resources are rolling in.
However, the Chamberlain family has always kept this secret and has not announced it to the world. Others only know that they have superb methods of handling difficult births, but they do not know what methods they used.
Because it is said that when they deal with difficult childbirth, even the mother will be blindfolded, and everyone must avoid it.
It wasn't until 1813 that the attic floor of the house where Peter Chamberlain once lived was accidentally opened, and five pairs of well-designed forceps contained in boxes were discovered.
Only then has the secret of the Chamberlain family's money-making been completely revealed.
Then in the 20th century, three types of forceps appeared: high, medium, and low, depending on the position of the fetal head in the pelvis.
Among them, high-position and mid-position forceps have been banned in many countries due to high risks.
However, due to its simple operation and relatively few complications, low outlet forceps still occupy a very important position in the treatment of clinical dystocia.
Of course, this does not mean that the forceps is really perfect.
However, compared with the death of mother and child due to dystocia, those caused by the use of forceps include neonatal complications such as brachial plexus injury, clavicle fractures, and forceps marks, as well as maternal complications such as perineal laceration, vaginal wall hematoma, and cervical laceration.
After all, it is more important to save the lives of mother and child!!!
As long as the mother and child are safe and the person is still alive, other injuries can be treated and recovered.
The manufacturing principle of this low-level outlet forceps is also very simple.
It is a clamp composed of two branched leaves. The two leaves have curves that conform to the curve of the fetal head and pelvis. The shape of the head curve is consistent with the fetal head. It pulls (clamps) the fetal head during delivery and assists The fetus is delivered and born.
In terms of production materials, steel is naturally the best because it is easy to sterilize with alcohol at high temperatures and be reused.
If there is no steel, you can also use wooden materials or bamboo materials to make it.
Relatively speaking, wooden or bamboo forceps have a certain degree of elasticity and will cause less harm to the fetus when used.
However, it is best to use wooden or bamboo forceps once as much as possible, otherwise it will be difficult to sterilize.
In terms of production difficulty, making forceps was basically not difficult for the Ming craftsmen of this era.
Let alone the Ming Dynasty, even if it is traced back to the Qin Dynasty, or even the Western Zhou Dynasty, for the craftsmen of those periods, there is no difficulty in making it.
It's almost something that can be made and invented as long as you can think of it.
For example, Yan Changqing came up with this idea when he was thinking about what common medical tools existed in previous lives that could be made to make it easier for doctors to practice medicine.
Then Yan Changqing drew a sketch of the forceps and handed it to the relevant craftsmen. On the third day, Yan Changqing got a roughly similar forceps.
Then he ordered people to find ten babies born within the last month. After carefully comparing them, they sent them back for further refinement and polishing by the craftsmen.
In the end, it only took five days for Yan Changqing to obtain a forceps that was almost exactly the same as that of later generations!!!
The whole process is that simple.
However, it is a pity that no one in the Central Plains has ever invented or produced such an artifact that can greatly reduce the risk of maternal dystocia during childbirth.
This is mainly related to the social atmosphere and environment of the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty in the past and now.
In the past and the Hongwu era of the Ming Dynasty, men and women were different, and male Chinese medicine practitioners basically did not deliver babies.
And there are only a handful of women who are willing to study medicine.
In this era, those who delivered babies were basically midwives, or midwives.
More than 99% of midwives have almost no knowledge and culture, let alone any knowledge of gynecological medicine.
For this kind of midwives, they can only rely on their own delivery experience, which they don’t know whether it is correct or wrong, to guide the mother in giving birth...
However, this kind of midwife is not the worst. The worst thing is the kind of midwife who performs great tricks.
For example, some midwives will ask the host to open all the openable things in the house before delivering the baby, such as boxes decorated with rouge, wardrobes, etc.
According to the understanding of those midwives who are very famous, opening the box means opening the box that traps the child, so that the child can be born more smoothly.
For another example, some midwives, who are dancing gods, will order the host to prepare some red-hot charcoal, and then clamp the charcoal to the intersection with the largest flow of people to drive away the passing "gods on duty."
It is said that doing this can burn the soles of the gods' feet and make them leave this place as soon as possible.
According to the understanding of those midwives who dance with great gods, if the fetus is not born, it is probably because it is frightened by these gods. If they leave, the fetus will naturally fall to the ground.
If all else fails, then these skilled midwives will come up with their trump card - "hold up an umbrella to support the eye in the sky"!!!
The specific process is that the midwife will come to the roof with an umbrella, and then open the umbrella.
As for the intention, it actually has the same meaning as asking the host to open the box.
It's just that it was replaced with a more unclear and powerful expression like "hold up an umbrella to hold the eyes of Opening Heavens".
If this trick doesn't work, then these skilled midwives are basically at their wits end. They can only yell at the mother's belly with candy cubes, asking the baby to be born as soon as possible and eat candy.
However, these crazy delivery methods are undoubtedly ineffective and may even be counterproductive.
Because if a mother who is already in pain sees the midwife playing tricks, she may feel that she has offended God or the passing gods on duty, and may become nervous and affect the delivery.
In short, after Yan Changqing found someone to learn about some of the delivery methods of midwives in this era, his frown never eased.
Although Yan Changqing knew before that midwives in this era of 5.6 were very unreliable, he never expected that they could be so unreliable!!!
However, after understanding the situation of midwives in this era, Yan Changqing was able to understand why forceps, a simple obstetric and gynecological artifact, had not been invented in the past.
I don’t have much knowledge and culture, and I don’t know how to think about myself, summarize, conduct in-depth research, and try things out. I can only rely on experience, and even resort to magic tricks to deliver babies.
To expect such a midwife to invent forceps is basically no different from wishful thinking.
However, male traditional Chinese medicine doctors who are knowledgeable and educated and know how to think, summarize, conduct in-depth research and try things on their own are not able to deliver babies because of the different concepts of men and women in the current era.
They have no experience in delivering babies, and at the same time, most male TCM doctors have no experience in dissecting the human body. It is also unrealistic to expect male TCM doctors to invent forceps out of thin air.
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