Ming Dynasty: Teaching The Prince Dragon-Slaying Skills At The Beginning

Chapter 172: National Financial System Of Dragon Slaying Skills [Please Subscribe, Please Subscribe

After laying out the rice paper on the wooden board behind him, Yan Changqing turned back to look at Zhu Yuanzhang, Empress Ma, and the princes Zhu Biao, Zhu Xi, Zhu Fan, Zhu Di and other princes, and said:

"If you want to establish a country, you must first have a strong enough [fist], and then you can establish it."

"And when a country is established, it must have [financial] support to be able to maintain it."

“If you want to maintain and operate a country stably for a long time, then you must have a complete, reasonable and effective financial system to support it.

"If you want to establish a complete paper currency system, you must establish a complete, reasonable and effective national financial system.

"In other words, a perfect banknote system itself is a part of a complete, reasonable and effective national financial system.

"Because a complete, reasonable and effective national financial system is the root of all national financial systems!"

"Only when the foundation of the national fiscal system is established, can the branches and leaves of the national fiscal system, such as the Ming Dynasty's Tongbaochao system, be able to operate smoothly.

"Therefore, before reforming and improving the current Ming Dynasty's Baobao system, we need to first understand what constitutes a complete, reasonable and effective national financial system."

"Then, after understanding the overall composition of a complete national fiscal system."

"Let's take a look at what role the corresponding Da Ming Tongbao Banknote system should play in this complete, reasonable and effective national financial system.

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"And these contents are the second chapter of "Dragon Slaying Skills: The Second Core of [Money and Profit] - Revenue and Expenditure Budget Planning of the National Financial System""

After saying that, Yan Changqing turned around and wrote [Revenue and Expenditure Budget Planning of the National Financial System] on the wooden rice paper behind him in the middle.

Then, Yan Changqing explained while writing on the blackboard:

"If we really want to talk about the national fiscal system, it is actually very simple. It is divided into two aspects: [fiscal revenue] and [fiscal expenditure].'

“And [fiscal revenue] can be divided into two parts: [budgetary revenue] and [extra-budgetary revenue].”

"Similarly, [fiscal expenditure] is also divided into two parts: [budgetary expenditure] and [extra-budgetary expenditure]."

"[Budget revenue] is mainly divided into four major categories of revenue, namely: tax revenue, income from state-owned assets, special revenue, and other revenue."

"Tax revenue is the main form and source of national fiscal revenue. It is also the main source of fiscal revenue in the Ming Dynasty today, including land tax, commercial tax, population tax, etc. As long as these are tax-related, they are tax revenue."

“What are state-owned assets?!!”

"It is an industry that is funded and built by the state, and is completely responsible and controlled by the state."

"For example, industries such as salt and iron that have always been monopolized by the state are state-owned assets, and the income from these industries is called state-owned asset income."

"Special revenue refers to revenue that is set up, collected and included in budget management and has special purposes."

"For example, the various small affiliated countries of the Ming Dynasty, or the tribute income from the court's civil and military honors, local state capitals, etc. These incomes have clear purposes, so they are called special fiscal income."

"Other income refers to other income other than the three categories of income mentioned above."

“For example, there are corrupt officials who bend the law for personal gain, commit unforgivable crimes, and destroy their families’ income; another example is the income from renting state-owned land to the people by subletting it to the people, etc.”

“These miscellaneous incomes, which are not fixed or stable, but can be budgeted in advance, are collectively called other incomes.

“In the end, the revenue that the country cannot know through advance budgeting, planning statistics, and management is called [extra-budgetary revenue].”

Having said this, Yan Changqing paused to give Zhu Yuanzhang, Queen Ma, and the princes Zhu Biao, Zhu Fang, Zhu Fan, Zhu Di and other princes time to digest and absorb.

[The country’s fiscal revenue is divided into budget revenue and extra-budgetary revenue?!!]

[Tax revenue, income from state-owned assets, special revenue, and other revenue, these four major revenues, plus an extra-budgetary revenue, this is the impact of "Tang Long Technique·Second Core: [Money and Profit]" on a national finance Classification of income?!!]

[Hiss, if you think about it carefully, these five major categories really include all the sources of income of the country that I know of. 】

[The division of these five categories of national fiscal revenue is really clear and clear. Compared with the miscellaneous various types of tax revenue reported by the Ministry of Household Affairs, there is a huge difference!!!]

[Using the division of these five categories of national fiscal revenue as the backbone, and then looking back at the fiscal revenue records reported by the Ministry of Household Affairs, we should be able to categorize them into their own categories!!!]

[No, the Ministry of Accounts must be reformed!]

[His mother-in-law’s land tax, commercial tax, salt and iron revenue, local tribute, etc., he didn’t even classify them into categories, and just threw them all in one lump. This is clearly making things difficult for me!!!]

[This classification is really good, let’s write it down first. 】

Zhu Yuanzhang and the princes Zhu Biao, Zhu Xi, Zhu Fan, Zhu Di and other princes looked at the classification method of fiscal revenue written by Yan Changqing on the wooden rice paper. Their eyes shone and they kept copying the records with the langhao pen in their hands. .

After about a while, Yan Changqing saw that they had basically finished copying, and after they had digested and absorbed everything, he continued to explain on the blackboard:

"[Budget expenditures] can be divided into six categories: economic construction expenditures, national administrative expenditures, national defense and military expenditures, education and people's livelihood medical expenditures, various subsidy expenditures and other expenditures."

"Economic construction expenditures refer to fiscal expenditures for productive investment and infrastructure construction, such as expenditures on the state's exclusive salt and iron industry, expenditures on state-owned horse farms, expenditures on combing rivers, expenditures on official road construction and maintenance, etc. ”

"National administrative expenses, this can be understood as the salary expenses of the civil and military officials in the DPRK, as well as the officials of various prefectures and counties, the world's petty officials, etc.

"National defense and military expenditures, as the name suggests, are expenditures to support the country's millions of troops at the center and borders." 1

"Expenditures on education and people's livelihood, such as the state's expenditures on opening official schools, providing relief to disaster victims, and providing free medical clinics in the countryside.

"Various subsidy expenditures, such as the current tax exemption for officials and scholars, as well as the expenditures on fire money issued by the imperial court to those scholars.

"Strictly speaking, the salary provided by the clan members of the Ming Dynasty royal family can actually be regarded as expenditure in this area."

"Other expenditures refer to other miscellaneous expenditures that are not very fixed or stable. There have been temporary expenditures in this area before, and there may or may not be expenditures in the future."

"In the end, expenditures that the country cannot know, plan and manage through advance budgeting are called [off-budget expenditures].'

"And these revenues and expenditures, when integrated, are the total fiscal revenue and expenditures of a country!"

Yan Changqing put down the last stroke and retreated to the edge of the podium. The content on the wooden rice paper written on the blackboard in the middle was completely revealed.

Taking [Budget Revenue and Expenditure Planning of the National Fiscal System] as the initial starting point, it then branches downwards into two branches: [Fiscal Revenue] and [Fiscal Expenditure].

Then the tributary [fiscal revenue] on the left branched downwards into the two tributaries [budgetary revenue] and [extra-budgetary revenue].

Similarly, the 210 tributaries of [fiscal expenditure] on the right side also branch downward into two tributaries: [budgetary expenditure] and [extra-budgetary expenditure].

After that, the tributary [budget revenue] branches downward into four tributaries: [tax revenue], [state-owned asset income], [special revenue], and [other revenue].

The tributary [extra-budgetary expenditure] continues to flow downward and does not branch out to other tributaries.

Then the tributary of [budgetary expenditure] also flows downward into [economic construction expenditure], [national administrative expenditure], [defense and military expenditure], [education and people's livelihood medical expenditure], [various subsidy expenditures] and [other expenditures] 】These six tributaries.

The tributary [extra-budgetary expenditure] continues to flow downward and does not branch out to other tributaries.

Such a clear, complete and at-a-glance tree-like shunt diagram.

Whether it is Zhu Yuanzhang, Empress Ma, or the princes Zhu Biao, Zhu Di, Zhu Fan, Zhu Di and other princes, they all have a clear and clear understanding of all aspects of the country's financial revenue and expenditure.

And when they used the country's financial revenue and expenditure tree diagram as the backbone, and then recalled the official documents from the Ministry of Household Affairs that they had seen before, they suddenly felt like they had a sudden enlightenment.

You must know that after reading the messy reports on land tax, commercial tax, salt and iron revenue, and local tribute submitted by the Ministry of Household Affairs, their brains were basically in a mess.

There is simply no way to sort it out in a detailed and orderly manner, and they can't even understand the memorials submitted by the Ministry of Accounts. They can often only look at the total annual income given by the Ministry of Accounts.

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